20KV電氣強度試驗儀從零開始勻速旋轉調壓器手輪升壓。升壓方式有：快速升壓法，即20s逐級升壓法；慢速升壓法，即60s逐級升壓法；極慢速升壓法供選用。電壓從零開始按一定的升壓方式和速度上升到您所需的額定試驗電壓的75％后，再以每秒2％額定試驗電壓的速度升到您所需的試驗電壓，并密切注意測量儀表的及被試品的情況。升壓過程中或試驗過程中如發現測量儀表的指示及被試品情況異常，應立即降壓，切斷電源，查明情況。

試驗軟件：
1、試驗軟件是我公司 研發的功能強大、操作簡單、顯示直觀的試驗軟件系統；
2、采用計算機控制通過人機對話方式，完成對絕緣介質工頻電壓擊穿，工頻耐壓試驗；
3、本儀器在試驗過程中可對升壓擊穿過程繪制實時曲線，每次試驗的升壓曲線都由不同顏色構成，試驗結束后可疊加對比材料的試驗數據重復性；

4、可以隨時調取(qu)當前及歷史試驗(yan)數(shu)據進(jin)行(xing)查看，編輯及修改參數(shu)；

5、試驗過程中可以隨時修改試驗條件及存儲路徑及自動存儲試驗結果；
6、試驗過程中，可隨時通過軟件決定本次試驗是否有效，方便篩選試驗結果；
7、可設置操作口令，做到專機專人操作，避免無關人員誤操作；
8、試驗報告格式靈活可變，適用于不同用戶的不同需求；
9、可對一組試驗中曲線數據的有效與否進行人為選定；
10、試驗結果數據可導入EXECL,WORD文檔編輯；
11、過電流保護裝置有足夠的靈敏度，能夠保證試樣擊穿時在0.1S內切斷電源；
12、儀器運行的持久性: 儀器可連續運行使用，不需為保護儀器而定期停機；

技(ji)術參數：

1 試(shi)驗變壓(ya)器

1.1 輸出電壓： AC  0-5000V，DC 0-5000V；

1.2  大輸出電(dian)壓下，PD≤1pC；

1.3 額定(ding)容量下，長期連續運行；

1.4 輸入電(dian)壓：220v

1.5 噪(zao)聲≤58dB（1m位置測量）。

2 調壓器(qi)

2.1 輸入電壓：220V；

2.2 電(dian)動調壓。

2.3額(e)定(ding)容量(liang)下(xia)，長期連續運行；

2.4噪聲(sheng)≤58dB（1m位置測量）;

2.5 額定容量：3kVA（如果有補償，可以(yi)小于15kVA，但不小于10kVA）；

3 高(gao)壓分壓器(qi)

3.1 高壓(ya)臂電容：1nF；

3.2  大輸出電壓(ya)下，PD≤1pC；

3.3 額定容量下(xia)，長期連續運行；

3.4 分壓比(bi)：700（可討論，結合測(ce)量控(kong)制系(xi)統）；

3.5 測量精度：1%。

4 計算機(ji)控制

4.1 藍牙連(lian)接；

4.2 安全(quan)保護；

5 試驗電極

5.1 滿(man)足GB/T 1408-2006 絕緣材料電氣(qi)強度試驗方法；

5.2 滿足GB/T 1695-2005 硫化橡膠工頻電壓擊穿強(qiang)度(du)和耐(nai)壓強(qiang)度(du)試(shi)驗。

常規型號：

BDJC-10KV（1萬伏）主要用(yong)于薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)材料，丙烯薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)聚乙烯薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo).聚酯(zhi)薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)，流延聚丙烯薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)，一般厚度為1-3mm

BDJC-30KV（3萬伏(fu)）主要(yao)適用于橡(xiang)膠(jiao)，絕緣漆漆膜，聚氨酯，硫化橡(xiang)膠(jiao)等推(tui)薦可測厚度2-3mm

BDJC-50KV（5萬伏）主要用(yong)于電(dian)纜紙，電(dian)容器紙，云母，陶瓷(ci)，推(tui)薦可測(ce)厚度(du)為2-3mm

BDJC-100KV（10萬伏）適用于玻(bo)璃，層壓材料，橡膠，樹脂，推薦可測厚度為2-5mm

BDJC-150KV（15萬(wan)伏） 適用(yong)于(yu)塑料、橡膠、層壓材(cai)料、薄膜、樹脂、云母、陶瓷、玻(bo)璃、絕(jue)緣(yuan)漆(qi)等(deng)絕(jue)緣(yuan)材(cai)料,推薦可測(ce)厚度為1-6mm

試樣的處理

⑴用綢布蘸對試樣無腐蝕作用的(de)溶劑(ji),擦凈試樣。

⑵預處(chu)理(li)(li)和條(tiao)件處(chu)理(li)(li)：處(chu)理(li)(li)條(tiao)件和方法可(ke)根據(ju)產品的性能(neng)要(yao)求從本(ben)標準(zhun)附錄表1和表2中選取。有特殊要(yao)求的可(ke)由(you)產品標準(zhun)另行規(gui)定(ding)。

⑶絕緣材(cai)料的電氣強度隨(sui)溫度和含水量而變(bian)化。除被試材(cai)料已有規(gui)定外(wai)者，試樣應在23±2℃，相對濕度（50±5）%的條件下(xia)處理(li)不少于(yu)24h。

⑷經過受潮(chao)或浸液體(ti)媒質的試樣在試驗(yan)前應用濾(lv)紙輕(qing)輕(qing)吸去液滴(di)，從試樣取(qu)出到試驗(yan)完畢不應超過5分鐘。

⒉ 媒質：

⑴氣體(ti)媒質：采用空氣，如有閃絡(luo)可(ke)在電極(ji)周圍(wei)加(jia)柔軟硅橡(xiang)膠(jiao)防(fang)飛弧圈。防(fang)飛弧圈與電極(ji)之(zhi)間有一毫米左右的環(huan)狀間隙(xi)，環(huan)寬30mm。

⑵液體媒質(zhi)：常態試驗(yan)及90℃以下的熱(re)態試驗(yan)采(cai)用清潔(jie)的變壓器油，90℃至300℃以內的熱(re)態試驗(yan)采(cai)用清潔(jie)的過熱(re)氣缸油。

⒊試驗環(huan)境：

⑴常態(tai)試驗環(huan)境：

溫度(du)為20±5℃，相對濕度(du)為65±5%。

⑵熱態(tai)試(shi)驗或潮濕(shi)環境試(shi)驗條(tiao)件由(you)產品標準參照錄中表(biao)2予(yu)以規定。

固(gu)體電介(jie)質擊穿(chuan)

固體介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)后，由于有巨(ju)大電(dian)流通過，介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)中會出現熔(rong)化或燒焦(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)通道，或出現裂(lie)紋。脆性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)時(shi)，常發生材料的(de)(de)(de)碎(sui)裂(lie)。固體電(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)大致可分為電(dian)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、熱擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、電(dian)化學擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)三種(zhong)形式，不同擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)形式與(yu)電(dian)壓(ya)作用時(shi)問和場強的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系。

(1)電擊穿。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)中積聚起足(zu)夠數量和(he)能量的(de)(de)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質(zhi)(zhi)點而導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)失(shi)去(qu)絕(jue)緣性(xing)能。在強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)作用下(xia)(xia)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質(zhi)(zhi)點劇烈運(yun)動，發生(sheng)(sheng)碰撞(zhuang)游(you)離的(de)(de)連鎖反應時(shi)(shi)，就產生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)崩。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場強(qiang)度足(zu)夠強(qiang)時(shi)(shi)，就會發生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，此種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是屬(shu)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)游(you)離性(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。一般情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)厚(hou)度呈線性(xing)地增加(jia)，而與(yu)加(jia)壓(ya)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)溫度無關。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)作用時(shi)(shi)間(jian)很短，一般以(yi)微秒(miao)計，其(qi)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)較高，而擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)場強(qiang)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場均勻程(cheng)度關系很大(da)。

(2)熱(re)(re)(re)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。熱(re)(re)(re)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是指在強電(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用(yong)下，由(you)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內部(bu)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)而(er)產生的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)量，由(you)于來不(bu)及(ji)散(san)發(fa)(fa)出去，使(shi)得(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內部(bu)熱(re)(re)(re)量積(ji)累(lei)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)過(guo)高，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻或(huo)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)具有負的(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)系(xi)數。當溫(wen)度(du)(du)上(shang)(shang)升時(shi)，其(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻變(bian)小，又會(hui)(hui)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流進(jin)一步增大，損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)發(fa)(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)也(ye)增大。電(dian)(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內部(bu)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)不(bu)平衡(heng)過(guo)程造成的(de)(de)。如(ru)果發(fa)(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)量大于散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)量，形成惡性循環，電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)就會(hui)(hui)不(bu)斷上(shang)(shang)升，導致溫(wen)度(du)(du)不(bu)斷上(shang)(shang)升，進(jin)一步引起介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)解、炭化(hua)等(deng)。因此，導致分(fen)子(zi)結構(gou)破壞而(er)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)稱為(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。熱(re)(re)(re)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)特(te)點是：擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓隨溫(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)升高而(er)下降，擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與(yu)散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)條件有關(guan)，如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚度(du)(du)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)，散(san)熱(re)(re)(re)條件變(bian)壞，擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)強度(du)(du)也(ye)隨之下降。高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)設(she)備(如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、套管、發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機等(deng))由(you)于結構(gou)原因，在運行中經常(chang)出現溫(wen)度(du)(du)過(guo)高，引起絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)劣化(hua)、損(sun)(sun)耗(hao)增大而(er)發(fa)(fa)生熱(re)(re)(re)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)故障。熱(re)(re)(re)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)除與(yu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)和(he)時(shi)間有關(guan)外，還與(yu)頻率和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)有關(guan)。當外施電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓頻率增高時(shi)，擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓將(jiang)(jiang)下降。而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學過(guo)程也(ye)將(jiang)(jiang)引起絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)劣化(hua)和(he)介(jie)(jie)(jie)損(sun)(sun)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)，從而(er)導致發(fa)(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)。因此，可以認為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是某(mou)些熱(re)(re)(re)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)前奏。

(3)電化學擊穿。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學(xue)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是(shi)固體電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)場、溫度(du)、化學(xue)以及機(ji)(ji)械力等(deng)因素(su)的(de)長(chang)期作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)物理和化學(xue)性能發生(sheng)(sheng)緩(huan)慢的(de)、不可逆(ni)的(de)老化，性能逐漸(jian)劣(lie)(lie)化，擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)逐漸(jian)下降，長(chang)時(shi)間擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)常(chang)常(chang)只有短(duan)時(shi)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)幾(ji)分之一，并(bing)終(zhong)喪(sang)失絕(jue)緣能力。這種(zhong)絕(jue)緣擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學(xue)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。例(li)如(ru)(ru)，在強電(dian)(dian)(dian)場作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)內部(bu)(bu)包含的(de)氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)首先(xian)發生(sheng)(sheng)碰撞游(you)離(li)(li)而(er)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，雜質(zhi)(zhi)(如(ru)(ru)水分)也(ye)因受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場加熱而(er)氣(qi)(qi)化并(bing)產生(sheng)(sheng)氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)，于是(shi)使(shi)氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)進一步發展(zhan)，導致(zhi)整(zheng)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。如(ru)(ru)變壓(ya)器油、電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、套管、高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)定子(zi)線棒等(deng)，也(ye)往往因含氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)發生(sheng)(sheng)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，如(ru)(ru)果逐步發展(zhan)會使(shi)整(zheng)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極之間導通擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。而(er)在有機(ji)(ji)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)內部(bu)(bu)(如(ru)(ru)油浸紙、橡膠等(deng))，氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)內持續(xu)的(de)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)會產生(sheng)(sheng)游(you)離(li)(li)生(sheng)(sheng)成物，如(ru)(ru)臭氧(yang)及碳水等(deng)化合物，從而(er)引起介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)逐漸(jian)變質(zhi)(zhi)和劣(lie)(lie)化。電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學(xue)擊(ji)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)與(yu)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)時(shi)間、溫度(du)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)場均勻程度(du)、累積效應、受(shou)潮、機(ji)(ji)械負荷(he)等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)因素(su)相關。

20KV電氣強度試驗儀操作注意(yi)事項：

（1）試(shi)驗人員應做(zuo)好分工，明確相互(hu)間辦法。并(bing)有專門人監護現場安全及(ji)觀(guan)察試(shi)品狀態。

（2）被(bei)試(shi)品應先(xian)清掃干凈，以免(mian)損壞被(bei)試(shi)品和(he)試(shi)驗帶來的誤(wu)差。

（3）對(dui)于大型(xing)試(shi)驗，一般都應先進行空升(sheng)試(shi)驗。即不接試(shi)品時升(sheng)壓(ya)至試(shi)驗電壓(ya)，校對(dui)各(ge)種表計，調(diao)整(zheng)球間隙。

（4）升壓速度不(bu)能太快，并(bing)必須防止突(tu)(tu)然加壓。例如調壓器不(bu)在零位的突(tu)(tu)然合閘。也(ye)不(bu)能突(tu)(tu)然切(qie)斷(duan)電源，一般應在調壓器降(jiang)至零位時拉閘。

（5）當電(dian)(dian)壓升至試驗電(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)，開始計時(shi)，到(dao)1min后，迅速降壓到(dao)1∕3試驗電(dian)(dian)壓以下(xia)時(shi)，才能拉開電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。

（6）在升壓或耐壓試驗過程，如發現下列不(bu)(bu)正常(chang)情況時，應立即降壓，切斷電源。停止試驗并(bing)查明原因：①電壓表指針擺動很大；②發現絕緣燒焦或冒煙；③被試品內有不(bu)(bu)正常(chang)的(de)聲音。